Laparotomy

This page contains recent news articles, when available, and an overview of Laparotomy but does not offer medical advice. You should contact your physician with regard to any health issues or concerns.

Background information on Laparotomy

A laparotomy is a surgical maneuver involving an incision through the abdominal wall to gain access into the abdominal cavity. It is also known as coeliotomy.

In a diagnostic laparotomy, the nature of the disease is unknown, and laparotomy is deemed the best way to identify the cause. In therapeutic laparotomy, a cause has been identified (e.g. peptic ulcer, colon cancer) and laparotomy is required for its therapy. Usually, only diagnostic laparotomy is referred as a surgical operation by itself; and when a specific operation is already planned, laparotomy is considered merely the first step of the procedure.

Depending on incision placement, it may give access to any abdominal organ or space, and is the first step in any major diagnostic or therapeutic surgical procedure of these organs, which include:
  • the lower part of the digestive tract (the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon)
  • the liver, pancreas and spleen
  • the bladder
  • the female reproductive organs (the uterus and ovaries)
  • the retroperitoneum (the kidneys, the aorta, abdominal lymph nodes)
The most common incision for laparotomy is the midline incision, a vertical incision which follows the linea alba. The upper midline incision usually extends from the from the xiphoid process to the umbilicus, while a typical lower midline incision is limited by the umbilicus superiorly and by the pubic symphysis inferiorly. Sometimes a single incision extending from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis is employed, especially in trauma surgery. Midline incisions are particularly favoured in diagnostic laparotomy, as they allow wide access to most of the abdominal cavity.

Other common laparotomy incisions include:
  • the Kocher (right subcostal) incision (after Emil Theodor Kocher); appropriate for operations on the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract;
  • the Davis or Davis-Rockey "muscle-splitting" right lower quadrant incision for appendectomy;
  • the Pfannenstiel incision, a transverse incision below the umbilicus and just above the pubic symphysis, most often employed for cesarean section;
  • Lombotomy consists of a lumbar incision which permits access to the kidneys (which are retroperitoneal) without entering the peritoneal cavity. It is a common operative approach in renal surgery.
A related procedure is laparoscopy, where cameras and other instruments are inserted into the peritoneal cavity via small holes in the abdomen. For example, an appendectomy can be done either by a laparotomy or by an laparoscopic access.

From Wikipedia
News Articles on Laparotomy



SC upholds the importance of informed consent  -  Apr 1, 2008
InfoChange,Laparotomy may be needed�. The patient was put under general anaesthesia and subjected to a laparoscopic examination. While Samira was still unconscious,

Hysterectomies: Your Questions Answered  -  Apr 4, 2008
CBS News,But if cancer is a concern, your doctor may think an open incision (laparotomy) is a better choice. A: Yes. Risks go along with every surgical procedure.

A new finding in liver transplantation and antifibrinolytics?  -  Mar 13, 2008
EurekAlert (press release),...requirement of blood products and has no significant effect on the incidence of laparotomy for bleeding, thromboembolic events and mortality.

Abdominal Pregnancy: An Unusual Presentation  -  Mar 21, 2008
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine (subscription)An exploratory laparotomy was performed. The surgical findings revealed a lump in the retrocecal area with a small amount of fresh blood in the cul-de-sac.

Dr. Yoel Abells, National Post Published: Wednesday, March 19, 2008  -  Mar 19, 2008
National Post,For example, in order to absolutely confirm that a positive CA125 result is a true positive, a woman would need to have a laparotomy.

SurgiCount Safety-Sponge System Ensures No Sponges Left Behind  -  Mar 26, 2008
OhGizmo!,Essentially, the system works much like a grocery store check-out counter – every laparotomy and gauze sponge is pre-labeled with an individual and unique

Comprehensive Approach to Peritoneal Mesothelioma Described  -  Mar 26, 2008
Cancer Consultants,...four doses of intraperitoneal gamma interferon, a second laparotomy with resection of residual disease plus intraoperative hyperthermic administration

ND Supreme Court sends suit back to district court  -  Mar 21, 2008
Grand Forks Herald,The case is based on surgery performed by Tareen on Denise White in February 2004 in the First Care Health Center in Park River, ND Tareen did a laparotomy,

Awake under the knife  -  Mar 18, 2008
Health24.com,The patient recalls movement and pain within the abdomen, tried to move, but was unable to. during a laparotomy, the patient remembers going “half asleep�,

Doctor brings a happy ending to insurance nightmare  -  Mar 17, 2008
Press of Atlantic City,Finnegan performed an exploratory laparotomy, making a small incision in the abdomen to see what was causing the pain. He found a small umbilical hernia and

A long-term survival offered by resection of solid-pseudopapillary ...  -  Mar 13, 2008
EurekAlert (press release),...in 2001 after an exploratory laparotomy performed in another hospital for an unresectable pancreatic cystic mass that had infiltrated the portal vein.

Granulosa Cell Survival and Proliferation Are Altered in ...  -  Mar 6, 2008
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism,...follicles of unstimulated ovaries during routine laparoscopy or laparotomy from women with anovulatory PCOS and those with regular ovulatory cycles.

Endovascular vs. Open Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms  -  Jan 30, 2008
New England Journal of Medicine (subscription),In contrast, by 4 years, surgery for laparotomy-related complications was more likely among patients who had undergone open repair (9.7%, vs.

Luanda hosts Int'l physicians congress  -  Jan 25, 2008
Africast,...child and maternal health services in Luanda and validity and limits of mini-laparotomy in uterine benign pathology will also be discussed at the event.

Endovascular Repair for AAA Shows Short-Term and Long-Term Benefits  -  Jan 31, 2008
MedPage Today,In contrast, by four years, surgery for laparotomy-related complications was more likely among open-repair patients (9.7% versus 4.1% for endovascular

Study Analyzes Best Approach for Treating Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms  -  Jan 30, 2008
Newswise (press release)However, because open repair involves an invasive procedure called laparotomy, where the surgeon needs to enter the patient through the abdomen,

Endologix Comments on NEJM Study Highlighting Advantages of ...  -  Feb 5, 2008
WELT ONLINE,...the study authors found that significantly more patients were discharged to home following endovascular repair, and that the laparotomy necessary to

The Use of a Computed Tomography Scan to Rule Out Appendicitis in ...  -  Jan 29, 2008
RedOrbit,A true positive study/exam resulted in a laparotomy that revealed a lesion requiring operation (confirmed by pathology). A true negative exam/study did not

Irish surgeons pioneer new laparoscopic lavage  -  Feb 8, 2008
Irish Medical News,...for the new treatment of this problem with impressively better morbidity and mortality than traditional laparotomy with resection and colostomy.

Man sues clinic for removing son’s kidney  -  Feb 1, 2008
Expressindia.com,The officials of the polyclinic, however, stated that after exploratory laparotomy, a tumour was diagnosed in the child’s kidney and his liver was found to

Endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm is safer than ...  -  Jan 31, 2008
Medicexchange,However, the authors note, "patients who underwent open repair were equally more likely to undergo laparotomy-related interventions," including repair of

FDA Panel Votes to Support Adolor's GI Postsurgery Drug  -  Jan 23, 2008
BioWorld Online,The POI studies included patients undergoing laparotomy for bowel resection with primary anastomosis or total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and scheduled to

High-Quality Preop Ultrasound Improves Evaluation of Adnexal Masses  -  Jan 21, 2008
MedPage Today,The results showed that 27 of 73 (37%) patients in the level II group underwent major surgical staging procedures (including laparotomy and at least an

Cholecysto-Hydatid Cyst Fistula  -  Jan 18, 2008
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine (subscription)The patient underwent a laparotomy, which confirmed the imaging findings. The patient was treated with percutaneous aspiration, instillation of hypertonic

Vets Called into Action to Deal With Parvovirus Outbreak  -  Jan 17, 2008
Dog Magazine dot net,...from profuse vomiting, she was given an exploratory laparotomy at her own vet’s and was found to have a mass of swollen lymph nodes in her intestine.

Small-Bowel Intussusception  -  27 Dec 2007
New England Journal of Medicine (subscription),On emergency laparotomy, a proximal jejunojejunal intussusception was found and resected. Pathological examination revealed that the leading edge of the

Doctor performs rare surgery in Cedar Falls  -  Dec 22, 2007
Waterloo Cedar Falls Courier,..."Options offered were discontinuing surgery, changing the operation to adjustable gastric banding or converting to a laparotomy and attempting gastric

Macon woman gets $10 million after doctors leave sponge inside her  -  Nov 30, 2007
Macon Telegraph,The scan reportedly revealed a laparotomy sponge in Davis's abdomen. A second surgery was performed that same day to remove the sponge.

Ghana: Poor Helpless Mothers  -  Dec 7, 2007
AllAfrica.com,Mary was quickly sent to the theatre for emergency laparotomy. When the abdomen was opened, it was found that the uterus was burst open with the baby

Equine team performs life-saving surgery on Dante, an ailing zebra  -  Nov 28, 2007
Virginia Tech Collegiate Times Online Edition,During that time, Brown performed an exploratory laparotomy in order to confirm the colic diagnosis. She discovered that the source of the illness was a

RSNA: No One Size Fits All for Imaging Technology  -  Nov 27, 2007
MedPage Today,Three patients required repair of anastomotic leaks, which were identified during exploratory laparotomy -- but because surgery was delayed,

Ask the doctor  -  26 Nov 2007
Nassau Guardian,Laparotomy surgery is the traditional open knife entry into the abdomen. In most instances with Laparotomy or Laparoscopy, the actual operation performed is

Ectopic Pregnancy – One of the Complications Of Pregnancies  -  26 Nov 2007
American Chronicle,In most cases, a laparoscopy or a Laparotomy is done to solve the problem. In some women, only the pregnancy sac is removed, while in others,

Liposuction disfigures woman who fled Iraq  -  26 Nov 2007
GulfNews,...with a liposuction and abdominoplasty with laser to avoid any scar and at the same time he would correct an old scar of previous laparotomy using laser.

archbishop back home after cancer surgery  -  Nov 9, 2007
Atlanta Journal Constitution,...said pat chivers, spokeswoman for the archdiocese of atlanta. chivers described the surgery as a "mini lap," also known as a mini-laparotomy,

hospital admit responsibility  -  Nov 13, 2007
Mayo News,...mrs convey complained of abdominal pain and a subsequent laparotomy discovered a 10cm segment of perforated small bowel, but despite efforts to repair

use of opiates in children with suspected appendicitis not ...  -  Oct 29, 2007
Medscape (subscription)4 mm; 95% ci, –5 to 12 mm). primary outcome measure of time between arrival to ed and surgical consultation decision for laparotomy, laparoscopy,

killed by a hospital that just didn't care - a widow recounts her ...  -  Oct 30, 2007
Daily Mail,...was sufficiently alarmed about his condition to request an examination by a consultant with a view to carrying out a laparotomy - an exploratory stomach

life-saving surgery on zoo's zebra  -  Nov 14, 2007
Clarke Times Courier,...during the 90-minute procedure, brown performed an exploratory laparotomy in order to confirm the colic diagnosis. a twist of the large colon was found that

asco issues guidelines for preventing and treating venous ...  -  Nov 6, 2007
Medscape (subscription)...lmwh, or fondaparinux is recommended for patients undergoing laparotomy, laparoscopy, or thoracotomy lasting more than 30 minutes. prophylaxis should

the largest colonic lipoma to date  -  Oct 27, 2007
HULIQ,...the possibility of colonic malignancy could not be precluded, and left hemicolectomy was subsequently planned. at laparotomy, an 8.5 cm ¡á 7 cm ¡á 6.5

Lions’ mercy plan for SA health care  -  19 Oct 2007
Devon 24,As well as a skin graft machine, the hospital desperately needs a laparotomy set for abdomen procedures, costing £1600, a burr hole set for surgical skull

Raw fish can cause gastric distress  -  Oct 16, 2007
Science Daily (press release)While mild cases may resolve without treatment, most require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or .

What does the appendix do? finally an answer!  -  Oct 8, 2007
News-Medical.net,Appendicitis is a condition where the the appendix becomes inflamed and in almost all cases it is removed either by laparotomy or laparoscopy;

Scientists Say Appendix Protects Good Germs In The Gut  -  Oct 5, 2007
AHNVirtually all cases of Appendicitis require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or laparoscopy. Untreated, the appendix will rupture,

Recommendations for Treating Peptic Ulcer Disease Reviewed  -  Oct 4, 2007
Medscape (subscription)Peritonitis is a surgical emergency mandating patient resuscitation, laparotomy and peritoneal toilet, omental patch placement, and surgery to control

Most hernias need surgery  -  Oct 2, 2007
Great Falls Tribune,Surgeons often must perform a laparotomy on patients. During this procedure, a vertical incision from the base of the sternum to the navel is made to expose

Surgical audit detects life-threatening delays  -  Sep 30, 2007
The News - International,...“Another patient of acute appendicitis needed laparotomy for generalised peritonitis due to delayed surgery.� About 15 per cent patients underwent delayed

Sonographic Detection of an Unsuspected Intra-abdominal Surgical ...  -  Sep 27, 2007
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine (subscription)She underwent an exploratory laparotomy because of concern for ovarian carcinoma at 19 to 20 weeks’ gestation. At the time of surgery, dense omental

Wyeth and Progenics Initiate New Clinical Studies to Investigate ...  -  11 Sep 2007
PharmaLive.com (press release),The third trial is a phase 3 intravenous methylnaltrexone study being conducted in patients with POI following a ventral hernia repair via laparotomy or

Wyeth, Progenics Begin New Clinical Studies To Evaluate ...  -  11 Sep 2007
RTT News,...is scheduled to enroll approximately 500 patients with Post-Operative Ileus following a ventral hernia repair via laparotomy or laparoscopy.

On-Demand Re-laparotomy for Severe Peritonitis Has Benefits  -  Aug 21, 2007
MedPage Today,21 -- In severe peritonitis, repeat laparotomy done only when the patient's condition demands it cuts down on the number of procedures and on medical costs,

Peritonitis re-op often pointless  -  Sep 6, 2007
National Review of Medicine,Laparotomy followed by a planned relaparotomy are the favoured methods for tackling these infections. But now a new Dutch study in the August 22/29 Journal

Surgical Options For Severe Intra-abdominal Inflammation Compared  -  Aug 22, 2007
Science Daily (press release)..."Health care utilization due to secondary peritonitis is extensive, with operations to eliminate the source of infection (laparotomy [surgery involving the

The Utility of Focused Assessment With Sonography for Trauma as a ...  -  Aug 22, 2007
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine (subscription)Sixty-eight underwent computed tomography (CT); 12 underwent laparotomy; and 28 were kept under clinical observation alone. We compared FAST results against

Timing of Reoperation for Patients With Severe Peritonitis  -  Aug 21, 2007
Journal of American Medical Association (subscription),1-8 Thirty years ago such reinterventions meant that another laparotomy was required, but in the interim, surgeons have learned that many cases,

Comparison of On-Demand vs Planned Relaparotomy Strategy in ...  -  Sep 4, 2007
Journal of American Medical Association (subscription),...there are 2 surgical treatment strategies following an initial emergency laparotomy: planned relaparotomy and relaparotomy only when the patient's

HIFU Rays To Fix Injured Lungs  -  Sep 4, 2007
Medi News Direct,Sterile laparotomy and splenic exposure was done in all the 21 rabbits. Splenic incisions made in HIFU-treated rabbits were immediately exposed to 9.6 MHz

88 Doctors Disciplined In Texas  -  Aug 30, 2007
WOAI,The action was based on Dr. Wiener’s delay in performing a “second-look� laparotomy for a patient who underwent a laparascopic lysis of adhesions and

Trauma Complications Increase as Residents' Work Hours Decrease  -  Aug 22, 2007
MedPage Today,But while there were decreases in laparotomy (642 in 2001-2003 versus 518 in 2004-2006) and thoracotomy (from 107 to 87), the decline was only significant

Top NPA medical officers surrender  -  Aug 22, 2007
Philippine Information Agency,...a resuscitator, an electric drill, several Trunction sets, sets of Nevy Retractors, Laparotomy packs, as well as voluminous subversive documents.

When Not Being Superior May Not Be Good Enough  -  Aug 21, 2007
Journal of American Medical Association (subscription),The decision to accept or reject a hypothesis of superiority for either the on-demand or planned laparotomy strategy is achieved using a 2-sided testing

Pneumobilia Caused by a Clostridial Liver Abscess Rapid Diagnosis ...  -  Aug 22, 2007
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine (subscription)The utility of sonography for the triage of blunt abdominal trauma patients to exploratory laparotomy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007; 188:415–421.

Inquest hears cancer patient died from rare complications  -  Aug 17, 2007
Irish Independent,Mr McEntee performed an emergency laparotomy on Mrs Dempsey that night to rule out any abdominal bleeding, and although he discovered 500 millilitres of

Bladen County Hospital benefits from purchase of new surgical machine  -  Aug 17, 2007
Elizabethtown Bladen Journal,In the old procedure, a surgeon would open the abdominal cavity during a procedure called an exploratory laparotomy, to find and repair the source of the

ROTH 2007 New York Conference Presenter Profiles  -  Sep 4, 2007
TMC Net,...containment of medical waste, minor procedure kits and trays, sterile disposable operating room towels and sterile disposable laparotomy sponges.

An Intraabdominal Cyst  -  Aug 1, 2007
New England Journal of Medicine (subscription),Explorative laparotomy revealed an intraabdominal plastic bag containing 80 g of cocaine, surrounded by small-intestine mesentery (Panel B).

Intergel Scandal: A "Dangerous Precedent" at FDA?  -  Jun 24, 2007
Lawyers and Settlements,One "adverse event report" sent to the FDA reported that a patient died after Intergel was used during a hysterectomy by laparotomy.

RFID-enabled Surgical Sponges a Step Closer to OR  -  Jun 26, 2007
RFID Journal,Because each tag embedded into the sponge contains a unique ID number associated in the ClearCount software with a specific sponge type—either a laparotomy

Tubal Pregnancy - A Nightmare For An Expectant Mother  -  Jun 20, 2007
American Chronicle,In such cases the foetus has to be removed through laparotomy well before it starts maturing. It is again a risky affair leading to excessive blood loss.

ViRexx Licensing Partner Presents OvaRex(R) MAb Phase II Trial ...  -  Jun 8, 2007
Genetic Engineering News (press release),Forty patients undergoing staging laparotomy for ovarian cancer were randomized into two arms (Arm A, 18 patients and Arm B, 22 patients) and were

The adverse effect of back-bleeding from lumbar arteries on spinal ...  -  05 Jun 2007
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThrough laparotomy, the abdominal aorta was clamped below the renal artery and above the aortic bifurcation for 15 minutes. In group 1 (n = 13),

Off-pump bypass of the left anterior descending coronary artery ...  -  05 Jun 2007
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery1,2 Laparotomy pads placed behind the heart displaced it anteriorly, exposing the distal LAD. Two 3-0 silk sutures were passed under the LAD 3 to 5 cm apart

Gynaecologist faces civil claim  -  May 9, 2007
Legalbrief (subscription),...had perforated her bowel during a routine laparoscopy or laparotomy (removal of a large ovarian cyst) on March 25, 2004, at St George‘s Hospital.

Methylnaltrexone May Improve Postoperative Ileus After Segmental ...  -  May 25, 2007
Medscape (subscription)In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 65 patients undergoing laparotomy for segmental colectomy were randomized to receive (within 90

Premier’s Innovative Surgery Pack Solution Saves Alliance Members ...  -  May 21, 2007
dBusinessNews Charlotte (press release),The first BPTs include cystoscope, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparotomy, C-section, general minor, angiography, ortho-upper extremity, ortho-total hip,

uterine fibroid tumors  -  May 16, 2007
American Family PhysicianMyomectomy (ie, surgical removal of fibroid tumors while preserving the uterus) traditionally has been performed by laparotomy. Endoscopic myomectomy is now

Angiography detects cerebral aneurysms  -  May 7, 2007
Science Daily (press release)While mild cases may resolve without treatment, most require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or ... > full article



Search the web for more resources on Laparotomy
 
Web health.mongabay.com


Health Home | Conditions | Cancer | Medications | Surgery | Vaccines

mongabay.com


Disclaimer:

Contact a physician with regard to health concerns. Email requests for further health information will be discarded.

The materials contained on this Web site are for informational purposes only and do not constitute health or medical advice. Use of information on this site does not create or constitute any kind of agreement or contract between you and the owners or users of this site, the owners of the servers upon which it is housed, or anyone else who is in any way connected with this site.

Many links on health.mongabay.com lead to other sites. health.mongabay.com does not sponsor, endorse or otherwise approve of the materials appearing in such sites. Nor is health.mongabay.com responsible for dead or misdirected links.


COPYRIGHT 2006 MONGABAY.COM